Every year on May 20th,since 1972, Cameroonians come together to honor a powerful idea: unity in diversity. It’s more than a public holiday — it’s a day that symbolizes our shared history, identity, and commitment to building a common future.
This celebration is deeply rooted in the country’s political and cultural journey, and it reflects the pride of a nation that chose unity in the face of difference.
Before 1972: A Federal Cameroon
After gaining independence in 1960 (Francophone Cameroon) and the reunification with Southern Cameroons in 1961 (Anglophone Cameroon), Cameroon adopted a federal system. The country was divided into two main entities: East Cameroon and West Cameroon, each with a level of administrative autonomy.
While federalism allowed for regional identity, it also created several challenges:
Redundant administrative structures,
Fragmentation between regions,
And difficulty implementing a unified national policy.
May 20, 1972: The Turning Point
On May 20th, 1972, a national referendum was held. The Cameroonian people were asked to choose between maintaining the federal structure or becoming a united republic.
The outcome was decisive: the majority voted for unity. From that day on, Cameroon became a unitary state — one republic, one government, one constitution. This historic decision marked the beginning of a new era, where all regions came together under a single national identity.
How May 20th is Celebrated Today
Today, May 20th is a day of national pride. Across the country, the celebration includes:
Military and civilian parades: Organized in every regional capital, featuring the defense forces, students, political parties, associations, and companies.
Traditional attire, music, and dances: Every region showcases its cultural heritage with vibrant displays of color, rhythm, and joy.
Presidential address: A message from the Head of State emphasizes national unity, peace, and progress.
Community festivities: Families and communities gather, cultural events are held, and national media reflect the patriotic spirit of the day.
Unity in Diversity: Our Greatest Strength
Cameroon is often called “Africa in miniature” and nowadays, young called it ‘The continent” a nation of over 200 ethnic groups, countless languages, and rich cultural traditions. Yet despite this diversity, we have chosen to live as one people.
May 20th is not about uniformity — it is a celebration of our ability to stand together as one, precisely because we are different. That is our history, and our hope for the future.
May 20th reminds us of who we are, where we come from, and the journey we share. It is a day of pride, remembrance, and unity when all Cameroonians speak with one voice and say:
“Cameroon is one and indivisible.”
Happy National Day to all Cameroonians. Long live Cameroon — united and indivisible!